Jujube noob yog cov noob qhuav thiab paub tab ntawm Rhamnaceae cog Jujube. Lawv muaj lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev noj qab haus huv lub siab, ua kom lub siab, khaws hws, thiab tsim cov kua dej hauv lub cev. Lawv feem ntau siv hauv kev kho mob los kho insomnia, convulsions, arrhythmia, kub siab, hyperlipidemia thiab lwm yam kab mob. Lawv cov teebmeem pharmacological yog dav. Kab lus no tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj muaj nyob hauv cov noob txiv ntoo, xws li flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, thiab triterpenoids, nrog rau cov txheej txheem kho mob ntawm cov noob jujube hauv kev kho insomnia los ntawm kev tswj cov neurotransmitters thiab cov tshuaj hormones, tswj cov hypothalamus-pituitary torenal{- hloov cov concentration ntawm neurotransmitters, thiab txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab inhibiting cov lus teb. Nws kuj nthuav qhia kev cia siab rau cov lus qhia kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej. Cov lus tseem ceeb
Jujube noob; Chemical Cheebtsam; Insomnia; Mechanism ntawm kev ua
Jujube noob yog cov noob qhuav thiab paub tab ntawm cov nroj tsuag jujube hauv genus Ziziphus ntawm tsev neeg Rhamnaceae. Nws yog sau nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg thaum nws yog tag nrho mature. Nws yog ib hom tshuaj suav tshuaj uas nquag siv los ua kom tsaug zog thiab ua kom tsaug zog. Nws yog feem ntau faib nyob rau sab qaum teb Tuam Tshoj, xws li Hebei, Shaanxi, Liaoning, Henan, Shandong, thiab Shanxi. Nws hlob nyob rau hauv tshav ntuj slopes los yog nyob rau hauv qhuav thiab barren av, feem ntau tsim shrub pawg. Jujube noob los ntawm Xingtai, Hebei Xeev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nto moo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Nws muaj lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev txhawb nqa lub siab, ua kom lub siab, soothing tus ntsuj plig, thiab khaws hws. Tam sim no, nws yog siv rau hauv kev kho mob rau sedation thiab hypnotic teebmeem, anti-convulsant, anti-arrhythmic, anti-myocardial ischemia, txo cov ntshav siab, txo cov ntshav lipids, thiab txhim khu kev tiv thaiv. Insomnia tau dhau los ua ib qho tshwm sim thiab nquag- kab mob tshwm sim hauv lub neej niaj hnub no, nrog kev tshwm sim ntau xyoo dhau los, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau tib neeg lub cev thiab lub hlwb. Kev pw tsis tsaug zog ntev ntev tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog, tsis muaj zog thaum nruab hnub, thiab cuam tshuam rau kev kawm thiab kev ua haujlwm. Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav dua, kev pw tsaug zog kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev xav xws li kev nyuaj siab thiab kev ntxhov siab, thiab txawm tias ua rau kev xav tsis zoo thiab tsis txaus siab, yog li ua rau kev nco poob, neurasthenia, kev nyuaj siab thiab lwm yam kab mob. Hauv cov tshuaj niaj hnub, kev kho tshuaj yog ib txoj hauv kev kho mob tseem ceeb. Nws tuaj yeem ua ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov chaw pw tsaug zog ntawm tib neeg lub cev thiab txhim kho tus neeg mob txoj kev pw tsaug zog los ntawm kev tswj cov neurotransmitters. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm hais tias Western tshuaj muaj qhov pib sai thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, kev siv sijhawm ntev - yog qhov ua rau muaj kev vam khom tshuaj thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev mob siab rau cov neeg mob, xav tau ntau npaum li cas los tswj kev ua tau zoo, thiab tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo. Jujube noob, raws li cov tshuaj suav tshuaj suav nrog zoo sedative thiab hypnotic teebmeem, tau pom dav dav rau nws txoj kev ua tau zoo hauv kev kho insomnia nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev - kho mob. Nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev nyab xeeb siab, tsis muaj tshuaj dependence thiab kam rau ua. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov kws tshawb fawb hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws tau tshawb fawb txog cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov tshuaj pharmacological ntawm cov noob jujube, muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho ntxiv. Cov kev tshawb fawb no tau txheeb xyuas thiab sib tham txog cov tshuaj lom neeg, cov tshuaj pharmacological, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho insomnia ntawm jujube noob los ntawm ntau qhov kev xav thiab txoj hauv kev. Raws li kev tshawb fawb ntawm Huab Platform ntawm Ancient thiab Niaj Hnub Kho Mob Case, kev siv cov ntaub ntawv loj tsom xam txoj hauv kev, kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb txog kev xav thiab kev cai tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj rau kev kho insomnia, thiab pom tias jujube noob thiab lwm yam tshuaj suav tshuaj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kho insomnia. Cov kev tshawb fawb no muab kev siv tshuaj kho mob thiab tsim lub hauv paus rau kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuab.
Qhov thib ob, qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau siv cov tshuaj niaj hnub tshuaj ntsuam xyuas thiab kev siv tshuaj hauv network los txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm jujube noob thiab kwv yees nws cov peev xwm tiv thaiv -insomnia mechanism. Cov kev tshawb fawb no pom tias cov noob jujube muaj ntau yam khoom siv, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho cov tsos mob insomnia los ntawm kev tswj cov neurotransmitters, tiv thaiv kab mob cytokines, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
1 Chemical Cheebtsam ntawm Jujube Noob
Hauv seem yav dhau los, kev tshawb fawb tau nce qib ntawm cov tshuaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov noob txiv ntoo, xws li flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, triterpenoids, thiab fatty acids thiab amino acids uas lawv muaj, tau sau tseg hauv xyoo tas los. Cov tshuaj sedative -hypnotic tshuaj ua tau zoo ntawm jujube noob los ntawm nws cov khoom siv bioactive.
1.1 Flavonoids Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus flavonoid ntawm jujube noob yog 0.95%. Flavonoids yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb uas ua rau sedative -hypnotic teebmeem hauv jujube noob, thiab lawv yog ib hom polyphenolic tebchaw uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Lawv cov qauv tshuaj muaj ntau haiv neeg, tab sis feem ntau, lub cev pob txha muaj 15 carbon atoms (C6-C3-C6) nrog A thiab B rings txuas nrog lub nplhaib heterocyclic pyran. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov qauv tshuaj ntawm tag nrho cov flavonoids hauv cov noob txiv ntoo muaj ntau yam nplua nuj, thiab cov khoom tseem ceeb suav nrog rutin-hom flavonoid glycosides, isoflavones, thiab flavonol glycosides. Cov flavonoid glycosides nrog rutin raws li niam txiv nucleus hauv jujube noob muaj cov teebmeem tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev. Txog tam sim no, 44 flavonoid Cheebtsam tau tshaj tawm hauv cov noob txiv ntoo, suav nrog 31 flavonoids, 8 flavonols, 2 dihydroflavonoids, 5 anthocyanins, 18 flavonoids, 22 flavonoid glycosides, 14 flavonols, 95 flavanols, thiab Feem ntau ntawm cov flavonoid no muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm flavonoid glycosides, feem ntau muab faib ua ob hom: carbon glycosides thiab oxygen glycosides. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ib qho me me ntawm nitrogen glycosides. Ntau yam flavonoid tau raug cais tawm thiab txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov noob jujube, ntawm cov flavonoid glycosides suav rau feem ntau, thiab cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm flavonoids yog spinosin compound, uas yog C-6 flavonoid glycoside nrog sophorin ua niam txiv nucleus. Tang Xueyan et al. Ua cov qauv kev soj ntsuam thiab kev faib tawm ntawm 83 flavonoid tebchaw hauv cov noob txiv ntoo thiab tau txais cov txiaj ntsig, uas tau muab faib ua 3 chalcones, 5 dihydroflavonoids, 2 dihydroflavonols, 5 anthocyanins, 18 flavonoids, 22 flavonoid glycosides, 14 thiab flavonols. isoflavones. Muaj cov tshuaj xws li flavonoid (swertish), 6'''-feruloylspinosin, isovitexin, thiab lwm yam. (saib daim duab 1).
1.2 Saponins Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus saponin hauv Jujube Noob yog 0.0916%. Cov saponin Cheebtsam ntawm Jujube Noob muaj xws li ob hom: tetra-cyclic triterpenoids thiab penta-cyclic triterpenoids. Tam sim no, 30 hom saponin Cheebtsam tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm Jujube Seed. Li Xu et al. tau pom tias cov khoom saponin tseem yog cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb ntawm Jujube Seed rau nws cov tshuaj sedative -hypnotic, tiv thaiv- ntxhov siab vim, thiab los tiv thaiv- kev nyuaj siab. Ntawm lawv, Jujube Saponin A (JuA) tuaj yeem ua kom nrawm nrawm nrawm, ua kom lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog, txhim kho kev pw tsaug zog zoo, thiab Jujube Saponin A tau suav nrog hauv "Suav Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)" ua qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb rau kev tswj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv zoo ntawm Jujube Seed. Jujube Saponin belongs rau tetra-cyclic triterpenoid saponins, thiab nws cov qauv tseem nyob ze rau cov khoom siv zoo ntawm saponins hauv ginseng, notoginseng, thiab lwm yam. Cov saponins rho tawm los ntawm Jujube Noob yog Jujube Saponin A (jujuboside A), Jujube Saponin B (jujube Saponin B), Saponin A1 (jujuboside A1), Jujube Saponin B1 (jujuboside B1), Jujube Saponin C (jujuboside C), thiab Jujube Saponin D (jujuboside D) (saib daim duab 2). Guo Sheng innovatively muab rho tawm thiab txheeb xyuas ob lub tebchaw, Jujube Saponin I thiab Jujube Saponin II, los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg mesophyll ntawm Jujube txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv nws txoj kev tshawb fawb. Liu Peng et al. yog thawj zaug cais thiab paub meej tias lub hav zoov ntawm Jujube Saponin III nyob rau hauv mesophyll ntawm Jujube txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov dammarane- hom saponins uas sawv cev los ntawm JuA yog hom saponin ntau tshaj plaws hauv Jujube Noob. Tam sim no, ntau lub tebchaw saponin tau raug cais tawm ntawm Jujube Noob, thiab lawv niam txiv nuclei tag nrho yog dammarane- hom saponins, muab los ntawm cov khoom saponin.
1.3 Alkaloids Cov alkaloid Cheebtsam hauv Jujube Noob muaj cov ntsiab lus siab. Dhau li ntawm jujube noob ntau saponins thiab flavonoid tebchaw, cov alkaloid Cheebtsam hauv jujube noob yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tam sim no, 26 alkaloids tau ua tiav cais thiab txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov noob jujube. Cov alkaloids no feem ntau muab faib ua plaub pawg: pyrrole alkaloids, indole alkaloids, isoquinoline alkaloids, thiab cyclic peptide alkaloids. Thawj alkaloids cais los ntawm cov noob txiv ntoo yog Lysicamine (los ntawm Vajian Lily) thiab Compound T32329 (los ntawm Juzirine). Lwm cov alkaloids suav nrog N-methyl babaoine, jujube alkaloid, magnolia alkaloid, thiab lwm yam. Jujube noob kuj muaj cyclic peptide alkaloids: Sanjoinine A (frangufoline, uas tseem hu ua Euonymus Leaf Alkaloid), Sanjoinine D, Sanjoinine G1, Sanjoinine F, thiab lwm yam. Apophylenic alkaloids: Sanjoinine E (nuciferine, tseem hu ua Lotus Leaf Alkaloid), Sanjoinine Ia (nornuciferine, tseem hu ua Desmethyl Lotus Nplooj Alkaloid), Sanjoinine K (coclaurine, tseem hu ua Dextrorotatory Hengzhou Evodia Alkaloid), thiab lwm yam.
1.4 Triterpenoids Jujube noob muaj cov nplua nuj ntawm tetra-cyclic triterpenoid saponins, thiab pentacyclic triterpenoid saponins kuj tau dav dav hauv jujube. Cov yam ntxwv no yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua rau lub cim qaub saj ntawm jujube. Lub ntsiab triterpenoids hauv jujube noob yog flavonoid-hom triterpenoids, xws li Betullinic acid, betulin, thiab ceanothic acid. Lee et al. yog thawj zaug kom ua tiav ntau yam sib txuas ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo jujube, suav nrog Betullinic acid (S10), betulol (S11), ceanothic acid (S12), thiab ob coumaroyl ester tebchaw (S13 thiab S14), tag nrho cov uas yog flavonoid- hom compounds. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv cais betulinic acid (S18) thiab nws keto acid (S19), nrog rau ob lwm coumaroyl ester compounds (S20 thiab S21), uas yog betulin- hom compounds. Wang Jianrong et al. yog thawj tus tau txais methyl betulinate (methyl betulinate) los ntawm cov noob jujube (saib daim duab 4). He Feng et al. siv silica gel kem chromatography los ntxuav thiab cais cov noob jujube thiab tau txais ib qho kev sib xyaw tshiab, 2 , 3 -dihydroxy-20(29)-en-28-ocicoic acid methylester, lub npe hu ua alphitolic acid methylester, uas kuj belongs rau triterpenoids ntawm jujube noob.
1.5 Volatile Roj ntawm Jujube Seed Bark Jia Ying li al. pom tias cov roj tsis hloov pauv tau los ntawm jujube noob bark los ntawm supercritical CO2 extraction kuj muaj sedative thiab hypnotic teebmeem rau nas. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov noob txiv roj tsis muaj roj muaj xws li methyl eicosene-9-ester, methyl palmitate, methyl eicosene-11-ester, thiab methyl stearate, thiab lwm yam. Cov tshuaj no muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidant thiab tuaj yeem ua rau hauv lub cev los tsim endogenous pw tsaug zog inducers (OLA) OLA yog ib qho endogenous pw tsaug zog inducer uas muaj lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tswj kev pw tsaug zog qeeb thiab inducing physiological pw tsaug zog.
1.6 Lwm Yam Ntxiv Ntxiv rau cov khoom tseem ceeb uas tau hais los saum no, jujube noob kuj muaj ntau yam fatty acids thiab steroid compounds xws li carotene, nrog rau phenolic acid tebchaw xws li ferulic acid, vitamins, thiab jujube polysaccharides. Qee cov tshuaj no muaj cov tshuaj antioxidant zoo heev. Xu Wenxiang et al. optimized cov txheej txheem rho tawm siv lub thawv-Behken txoj kev thiab ua cov tshuaj antioxidant nyhuv tshawb nrhiav thiab nrhiav pom ntawm cov txheej txheem jujube sib txawv siv peb txoj kev antioxidant. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias cov polysaccharides muaj hydrogen zoo - pub muaj peev xwm thiab muaj cov khoom antioxidant. Zhou Wen et al. tshawb pom tias cov khoom siv ua lub luag haujlwm rau cov nyhuv antioxidant hauv jujube noob suav nrog tag nrho saponins thiab tag nrho flavonoids, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tseem muaj 7 yam tseem ceeb hauv tib neeg lub cev xws li Fe, Mn, Zn, Se, thiab 8 qhov tseem ceeb amino acids xws li tyrosine, methionine, valine, thiab threonine. Cov tshuaj no yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv paus rau tiam ntawm ib tug series ntawm pharmacological teebmeem ntawm jujube noob.
2. Lub mechanism ntawm qaub jujube noob hauv kev kho insomnia
Insomnia, raws li kev pw tsaug zog tsis zoo, yog ib qho kev paub uas ib tus neeg tseem tsis txaus siab rau lub sijhawm thiab kev pw tsaug zog zoo, txawm tias muaj sijhawm pw tsaug zog txaus thiab nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw pw tsaug zog. Clinically, nws manifests li nyuaj pw tsaug zog, nyuaj nyob rau hauv kev tswj kev pw tsaug zog, tsis tsaug zog zoo, thiab txo pw tsaug zog ntev, nrog rau cov tsos mob xws li nco tsis tau thiab tsis tshua muaj neeg mloog. Hauv kev kho mob ntawm qhov teeb meem no, txoj hauv kev tam sim no feem ntau suav nrog kev paub txog kev coj cwj pwm thiab kev kho mob Western. Txawm li cas los xij, kev paub txog tus cwj pwm kev coj cwj pwm yog kev ua haujlwm nyuaj vim tias qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov neeg mob qhov kev paub tsis meej txog kev pw tsaug zog yog qhov nyuaj los tswj, thiab nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau hom tshuaj lom neeg hauv khw uas muaj cov teebmeem hypnotic, feem ntau ntawm lawv tsis yog siv los kho insomnia, suav nrog benzodiazepine receptor agonists, melatonin receptor agonists, thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab nrog cov teebmeem hypnotic, thiab cov tshuaj no nquag siv tshuaj thiab kev tsim txom thaum siv. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, kev kho tshuaj suav tshuaj suav tshuaj muaj qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau sau tseg thiab ntsuas cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov noob jujube thiab nws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho insomnia los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev sib piv txoj hauv kev, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 6.
Cov kev tshawb fawb no qhia tias jujube noob extract muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau-cov khoom, ntau- lub hom phiaj, thiab ntau- txoj hauv kev kho insomnia, thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev nyab xeeb tau raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev coj ua.
2.1 Kev tswj hwm ntawm Neurotransmitters thiab Hormone Expression Kev tshawb fawb tam sim no qhia tau hais tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm insomnia cuam tshuam nrog kev txawv txav ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb, autonomic paj hlwb, thiab endocrine system. Qee cov kev tshawb fawb tau tsim cov qauv insomnia nas los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas thiab txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov neurotransmitters xws li 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), noradrenaline (NE), dopamine (DA), glutamic acid (Glu), thiab -aminobutyric acid (GABA) hauv nas, ua pov thawj tias tag nrho cov saponins ntawm jujube noob extract tuaj yeem ua kom ntev lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog thiab lub qhov muag nrawm nrawm thaum nruab hnub, nrog rau tag nrho lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog thiab tsis yog - qhov muag nrawm nrawm lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog thaum hmo ntuj. Jujube noob roj qhia pom tseeb sedative thiab hypnotic teebmeem hauv kev sim nas. Los ntawm kev soj ntsuam ntawm nws cov dej num, nws pom tias jujube noob roj tuaj yeem txo tus naj npawb ntawm cov kev ua ub no ntawm cov nas, qhia txog nws cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb sedative. Tsis tas li ntawd, jujube noob roj tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pw tsaug zog latency tshwm sim los ntawm qhov pib koob tshuaj pentobarbital sodium hauv cov nas, thiab tseem ua rau lawv lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog. Thaum muab cov tshuaj subthreshold ntawm pentobarbital sodium, jujube noob roj kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov nas uas tsaug zog ntxiv, ntxiv kev lees paub nws cov nyhuv hypnotic. Cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias jujube noob hmoov tuaj yeem ua kom ntev lub sij hawm pw tsaug zog tshwm sim los ntawm pentobarbital sodium hauv cov nas thiab nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm 5-HT hauv hlwb nas. 5-HT yog ib qho neurotransmitter ze ze rau kev pw tsaug zog, thiab kev hloov hauv nws cov ntsiab lus ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev pw tsaug zog zoo. Thaum cov ntsiab lus ntawm 5-HT nyob rau hauv lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb nce, nws tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis hauv lub sijhawm sawv ntawm nas, nce qeeb-wave pw (SWS), thiab txo qis hauv 5-HT cuam tshuam nrog insomnia thiab kev hloov mus los. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau siv proteomics tsom xam ntawm hypothalamic protein qhia qhov sib txawv thiab cov txheej txheem bioinformatics los tshawb txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov tshuaj cuam tshuam rau kev pw tsaug zog, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm jujube noob saponins A thiab B feem ntau hloov cov ntsiab lus ntawm 5-HT thiab GABA hauv tib neeg lub cev kom hloov pauv kev pw tsaug zog zoo BAA thiab 19} nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, thiab thaum lawv cov ntsiab lus tsawg, kev nyuaj siab thiab insomnia tuaj yeem tshwm sim, thiab lawv koom nrog hauv kev tswj cov kev xav thiab kev pw tsaug zog. Ob leeg yog lipid-soluble thiab tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub hlwb cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm cov ntshav- lub hlwb thaiv thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov paj hlwb. Kev noj ntawm jujube noob saponins A thiab B tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov proteins ze ze rau cov hlwb, cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov paj hlwb, thiab cuam tshuam rau kev qhia ntawm qee yam neurotransmitters. Cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los tau pom tias qee cov DE proteins muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog kev pw tsaug zog thiab lub hlwb noj qab haus huv ntawm lub cev. Hauv cov hlwb neuronal, qhov sib txawv ntawm Rab8 protein tuaj yeem tswj cov kev qhia ntawm GLUT4 protein, yog li cuam tshuam rau cov piam thaj metabolism hauv cov hlwb neuronal, uas muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev pw tsaug zog. Nws tau pom tias kev noj ntawm jujube noob saponins A lossis B ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv loj hauv DE proteins hauv cell junctions. Cov DE proteins uas muaj feem xyuam no feem ntau yog tsom rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov xovtooj kaw ntom nti, uas qhia tau hais tias kev noj cov tshuaj yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav - lub hlwb thaiv thiab nws cov permeability, yog li ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam pw tsaug zog. Jujube noob saponins A, spinothenin, thiab apigenin tuaj yeem ua rau sedative thiab hypnotic teebmeem. Ntau cov ntaub ntawv tau tshaj tawm txog kev tiv thaiv -insomnia kev ua haujlwm ntawm schisandrin A. Cov khoom siv hydrolyzed ntawm schisandrin A tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv cog lus hydrogen nrog cov seem 2-Thr2667 thiab 2-Thr229 ntawm GABAA-R los ntawm qhov chaw exerting ib tug hypnotic thiab sedative nyhuv. Spinosine, uas yog ib feem ntawm flavonoids hauv schisandra, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hypnotic ntawm pentobarbital -induced txo ntawm pw tsaug zog latency thiab ntev pw tsaug zog. Nws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm 5-HT receptor system. 6-Hydroxyflavone ua ke nrog -aminobutyric acid (GABA) thiab hloov cov ntsiab lus ntawm GABA. Tsis tas li ntawd, apigenin muaj cov nyhuv sedative. Lub sedative molecular mechanism ntawm spinosine yog ze ze rau cov kev cai ntawm GABA thiab 5-HT receptors. Xiong Chaohua et al. tshawb nrhiav cov txheej txheem ntawm schisandra thiab schisandra chinensis hauv kev kho insomnia. Raws li cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm ob qho tib si thiab cov hom phiaj cuam tshuam txog kev pw tsaug zog, cov kev tshawb fawb tau los ntawm kev tsim kho network qhia tias schisandra muaj ntau yam sedative thiab anxiolytic active cov khoom xyaw. Ntawm lawv, glycoside tebchaw tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb ntawm nas, tswj kev pw tsaug zog tsis zoo, neurotransmitters thiab receptors ntawm nas, yog li ua kom lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog thiab qhov tob. Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pom tias cov noob SLC6A4 muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev pw tsaug zog zoo ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj kev pw tsaug zog tseem ceeb. Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob no yuav ua rau muaj qhov txawv txav ntawm 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter (5-HTT) protein. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) yog ib qho tseem ceeb enzyme tam sim no nyob rau hauv neurons, uas muaj peev xwm ua ke lub teeb liab molecule nitric oxide (NO). TSIS tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv physiological thiab pathological teeb liab kis tau tus mob thiab kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov neurotransmitters uas cuam tshuam rau kev pw tsaug zog. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tswj lub voj voog pw tsaug zog-tso, TSIS muaj qhov cuam tshuam los txhawb kev pw tsaug zog. Thaum NO hauv lub cev nce ntxiv, qaug zog thiab tsaug zog yuav raug tsim, thiab ntau dhau NO tuaj yeem ua rau lub hlwb puas. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj cai tswj hwm ntawm NO tseem cuam tshuam nrog kev ntxhov siab zoo li tus cwj pwm thiab kev tiv thaiv neuroinflammatory los ntawm cov nas pw tsaug zog. Raws li kev txheeb xyuas ntawm KEGG txoj hauv kev, cov tshuaj suav tshuaj xws li schisandra tuaj yeem ua rau lawv cov kev tiv thaiv kev pw tsaug zog los ntawm ntau lub tswv yim xws li cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, estrogen signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Ntawm lawv, hippocampal NO / cGMP / PKG teeb liab txoj kev tuaj yeem ua qhov mob tshwm sim. Inhibiting txoj kev taw qhia no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov neurons thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev pw tsaug zog. Ntawm qhov tod tes, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway yog ib qho tseem ceeb intracellular signaling txoj kev uas ua hauj lwm los ntawm activating downstream effectors. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias txoj hauv kev no ua lub luag haujlwm tswj hwm kev paub tsis zoo los ntawm kev pw tsaug zog tsis zoo. Tshwj xeeb, qhov ua kom PI3K / Akt tom qab pw tsaug zog yuav raug cuam tshuam, thiab qhov kev qhia ntawm PI3K / Akt lub teeb liab txoj kev tuaj yeem raug kho kom txhim kho kev pw tsaug zog zoo. Yog li ntawd, cov extract ntawm schisandra tuaj yeem tswj cov kev qhia ntawm ntau yam neurotransmitters thiab cov tshuaj hormones los tswj kev pw tsaug zog-tsim tshuav nyiaj li cas thiab siv zog los tiv thaiv insomnia.
2.2 Kev Tswj Cov Kev Hloov Pauv hauv Neurotransmitter Concentrations ntawm Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Schisandra tuaj yeem siv nws cov teebmeem los ntawm kev tswj cov hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov concentrations ntawm monoamine. neurotransmitters. Fang Shude et al. tshawb nrhiav seb schisandra cawv extract tuaj yeem kho qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis los ntawm kev tswj cov kev qhia ntawm melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MCH) thiab orexin A (Orexin-A) hauv hypothalamus, yog li txhim kho kev pw tsaug zog. qauv thiab exerting ib tug hypnotic nyhuv. The research found that the ethanol extract of jujube seed can significantly increase the number of MCH-positive expressing cells, surface density, and optical density, while reducing the number, surface density, and optical density of Orexin-A-positive expressing cells, and enhancing the expression of the MCH gene, while reducing the expression ntawm Orexin-Ib noob. Cov txiaj ntsig no qhia tau hais tias ethanol extract ntawm jujube noob ua rau kev txhim kho kev pw tsaug zog los ntawm kev tswj cov kev qhia ntawm MCH thiab Orexin-A hauv hypothalamus. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) yog ib qho tseem ceeb inhibitory neurotransmitter nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus paj hlwb, dav faib thoob plaws hauv lub hauv paus paj hlwb, thiab nws plays lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb inhibitory ntawm lub synapse. Cov tshuaj neurotransmitter no muaj ntau yam kev ua haujlwm lom neeg, suav nrog kev tiv thaiv-kev ntxhov siab, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm ntawm endocrine. Kev tshawb fawb pom tias flavonoid glycosides hauv jujube tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog los ntawm barbituric acid sodium, nce GABA cov ntsiab lus hauv lub hlwb ntawm cov nas, thiab cuam tshuam nrog txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm Glu thiab kev qhia ntawm N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, thiab cov flavonoids qhia. GABA receptor subunits hauv nas hippocampal neurons. Lub 6-hydroxyflavone hauv jujube muaj kev sib raug zoo rau benzodiazepine receptors / GABA receptors, thiab los ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov ntsiab lus ntawm GABA, nws txhim kho kev pw tsaug zog. Lub jujube decoction tuaj yeem txo qhov pw tsaug zog latency ntawm nas, ncua sij hawm pw tsaug zog, thiab ua rau kom muaj kev qhia ntawm BDNF protein, uas pab txhim kho kev ntxhov siab -zoo li kev coj cwj pwm los ntawm kev pw tsaug zog. Xie Yan tau lees paub hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm Tianwang Buxin Dan tias tag nrho cov saponins ntawm jujube tuaj yeem hloov cov ntsiab lus ntawm Glu, GABA neurotransmitters thiab receptors hauv cerebral cortex thiab hippocampus ntawm cov laus insomnia nas, thiab cov jujube extract tuaj yeem txhim kho kev qhia ntawm Gi/o proteins, los ntawm txoj kev KAMP{34} nce cov ntsiab lus thiab kev ua ub no ntawm 5-HT1A receptors nyob rau hauv lub hlwb, yog li ncua lub sijhawm qeeb -yoj pw tsaug zog. Cov txiaj ntsig kev sim tau pom tias jujube tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis PKA cov ntsiab lus, thaum Gi/o protein inhibitor tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov tshwm sim no. Lub caij no, 5-HT1A receptor inhibitor tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim no. Qhov no ua pov thawj tias jujube tiag tiag siv nws cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm cAMP-PKA txoj hauv kev, thiab Gi/o protein yog nws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xaim hluav taws xob. Yog li, jujube txhim kho Gi/o protein qhia thiab cuam tshuam nrog cAMP-PKA txoj hauv kev, ua rau inhibition ntawm PKA cov ntsiab lus, txo lub xeev ntawm wakefulness, ua kom cov kev qhia ntawm 5-HT1A receptors, ua rau lub hlwb hluav taws xob kev ua ub no muaj feem xyuam rau qeeb -yoj pw, thiab thaum kawg ncua lub sij hawm. qeeb-yoj lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob rau cov neeg laus cov neeg mob insomnia. Xu Feifei et al. pom tias cov aqueous extract ntawm jujube, thiab dangshanensis tseem tuaj yeem tswj qhov piv ntawm GABA / Glu, ncua sij hawm pw tsaug zog, los ntawm kev tswj cov serotonin system hauv cov ntaub so ntswg hypothalamic, nce 5-HT cov ntsiab lus; thiab tswj cov ntsiab lus ntawm Glu thiab GABA nyob rau hauv hippocampal cov ntaub so ntswg, tswj lub homeostasis tshuav nyiaj li cas ntawm excitatory thiab inhibitory neurotransmitters, li no exerting cov nyhuv ntawm kev txhim kho insomnia. Hauv cov ntsiab lus, jujube tuaj yeem txhim kho insomnia nrog kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev tswj cov cytokines thiab neurotransmitters xws li GABA, Glu, thiab BDNF, thiab cov alkaloids ntawm jujube muaj qee yam kev ua tau zoo hauv sedation thiab hypnotic teebmeem. Sun Yan pom tias thaum siv jujube alkaloids ua ke nrog saponins, cov teebmeem anxiolytic thiab sedative tau txhim kho, thiab xav tias nws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txo qis kev ntxhov siab thiab ua kom lub siab muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev nce hauv 5-HT thiab NE cov ntsiab lus; Yang Yi tau pom tias lub cev hnyav, kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj zog, thiab dej qab zib kom tsawg ntawm cov nas muaj kev ntxhov siab ntev siv cov jujube alkaloids tau siab dua cov nas uas tsis siv nws, nrog txo kev ua haujlwm ntawm MAO-A thiab MAO-B enzymes thiab nce monoamine neurotransmitter cov ntsiab lus, ua pov thawj tias jujube alkaloids muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam rau kev pw tsaug zog. sedative thiab cov teebmeem hypnotic. Hauv kev sim sib koom ua ke ntawm cov nas, qee qhov kev tshawb fawb pom tias jujube saponins A thiab B muaj kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb nrog spirodin. Kev siv ua ke ntawm schisandrin A thiab B thiab spinosyn tuaj yeem txhim kho kev pw tsaug zog zoo ntawm nas. Qhov kev txhim kho no yog ua tiav los ntawm kev ua kom lub VLPO pw tsaug zog thiab txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm VTM arousal center. Qhov kev cuam tshuam ua ke no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nthuav qhia ntawm c-Fos protein nyob rau hauv lub lateral preoptic nucleus ntawm hypothalamus. c-Fos yog ib qho cim ntawm kev ua haujlwm neuronal, qhia tias schisandrin A thiab B nrog rau spinosyn muaj kev ua haujlwm hypnotic. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau yam khoom siv qhia tau hais tias muaj kev sib koom ua ke hauv cov kev sim no. Qhov kev sib koom ua ke no tsuas yog ua tiav los ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm ntawm GABA txoj hauv kev, tswj kev sib npaug ntawm qhov chaw pw tsaug zog thiab qhov chaw arousal, thiab yog li txhim kho kev pw tsaug zog zoo. Qhov kev tshawb pom no muab cov tswv yim tshiab thiab cov lus qhia rau kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm cov tshuaj lossis kev noj qab haus huv nrog cov teebmeem hypnotic.
2.3 Txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv teb: Cov extract ntawm Jujube Seed tuaj yeem txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm insomnia ntawm lub cev los ntawm kev txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Qhov no yog vim tias kev pw tsaug zog ua rau muaj kev poob qis hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev, tshwm sim raws li qhov tsis txaus ntawm T lymphocytes thiab kev qhia txawv txav ntawm pro- inflammatory yam. Cov extract ntawm Jujube noob tuaj yeem nce cov qhab nia ntawm ntsug thiab kab rov tav txav hauv nas, nrog rau thymus Performance index, spleen Performance index, thiab txhim kho cov qib NK hlwb, CD4, CD4 / CD8, thiab txo cov qib CD8, txo qis qib ntawm IL-2, IL{{12} thiab IL{12}. TNF- nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm nas, yog li pab kho cov neuro-endocrine- tiv thaiv kab mob tsis ua haujlwm thiab txo qis kev pw tsaug zog. Wu Nansheng et al. pom tau tias Jujube Noob Decoction tuaj yeem txo qhov tso tawm ntawm cov kab mob inflammatory los ntawm inhibiting NF-κB txoj hauv kev thiab tswj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov lymphocyte subsets, inhibit hippocampal neuro- cov lus teb inflammatory, alleviate neuroinflammation, txo cov paj hlwb raug mob, thiab yog li txhim kho kev pw tsaug zog thiab pw tsaug zog. teeb meem-kev kawm nruab nrab thiab kev nco tsis zoo. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias ob qho tag nrho thiab tsis tiav pw tsaug zog tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov nas mus rau qhov sib txawv. Qhov no ua tiav los ntawm kev ua kom txo qis ntawm CD8+ T hlwb, inhibiting qhov tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb, thiab ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov qauv cytokine. T lymphocytes yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Qhov piv ntawm CD4+/CD{25}} yog ib qho ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas cov kev cai ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab txhua qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm tus nqi no, txawm tias nws nce lossis txo qis, qhia tias muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev pw tsaug zog zoo muaj feem cuam tshuam rau tus lej ntawm T lymphocyte subsets. Kev pw tsaug zog tshwj xeeb thiab qhov tsis muaj qhov muag nrawm (REM) pw tsaug zog tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis ntawm T lymphocyte subsets. Ntawm T lymphocytes, thawj CD4+ T lymphocytes muaj peev xwm sib txawv rau Th1 thiab Th2. Ob hom kev pab T hlwb no ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Ntawm lawv, cov cim ntawm Th1 hlwb xws li IL-2, tsis yog tsuas yog txhim kho cov kab mob bactericidal ntawm macrophages, tab sis tseem ceeb tshaj, lawv yog lub ntsiab zoo tswj cytokines secreted los ntawm T lymphocytes. Cov cytokines no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv- qog thiab tiv thaiv- tiv thaiv kab mob. Hloov pauv, Th2 pab T hlwb tsuas yog tsim IL-6. Cov cytokine no tuaj yeem txhawb kev loj hlob thiab kev sib txawv ntawm B hlwb, yog li ua kom muaj zog ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob humoral. Qhov sib npaug ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm TNF- , IL-1 , IL-2, thiab IL-6, uas yog, qhov sib piv ntawm IL2/IL6, yog ib qho tseem ceeb qhia txog qhov sib npaug ntawm Th1 thiab Th2, thiab zoo sib xws rau tag nrho lub cev tsis muaj zog. Los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog cov extract ntawm Jujube Seed nyob rau hauv pw tsaug zog- cov nas uas tsis muaj zog, nws tau pom tias qhov spleen Performance index, thymus index, spleen lymphocyte kev ua, thiab NK cell kev ua ntawm cov qauv pab pawg nas tau txo qis. Qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm CD4+ T lymphocytes thiab qhov piv ntawm CD4+/CD{55}} T lymphocytes kuj txo qis, thaum feem ntawm CD8+ T lymphocytes nce ntau. Tsis tas li ntawd, qib TNF- , IL{108}}1 , IL{110}}2, thiab IL{112}}6 tau nce ntau. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias kev pw tsaug zog ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog hauv lub cev, ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab, thiab ua rau muaj kev nce qib ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov ntshav. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab kev cuam tshuam nrog cov extract ntawm Jujube Seed, qhov xwm txheej tau zoo tuaj. Cov spleen Performance index, thymus Performance index, spleen lymphocyte kev ua, thiab NK cell kev ua tau zoo, thiab T lymphocyte subsets rov qab los sib npaug. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qib ntawm cytokines xws li TNF- , IL-1 , IL-2, thiab IL-6 kuj txo qis. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias Jujube Seed tuaj yeem tswj hwm qhov sib npaug ntawm cov lymphocyte subsets, inhibit qhov tso tawm ntawm cov kab mob inflammatory, thiab yog li txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm kev pw tsaug zog tsis zoo . 2.4 Txhim kho Metabolic Pathways ntawm qib Molecular Cov extract ntawm Jujube Seed tuaj yeem tswj cov metabolism hauv lub zog ntawm hypothalamus, txhim kho lub siab, thiab txhim kho metabolic. ntawm serum metabolites. Cov neeg mob uas pw tsaug zog tsis txaus yuav muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov metabolism, nrog rau cov amino acid metabolism, lub zog metabolism, lipid metabolism, thiab lwm yam. Lub siab cov ntaub so ntswg plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov tshwm sim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm insomnia. Zhang Yu et al. tshawb nrhiav cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm Jujube Seed rau kev kho Alzheimer's kab mob thiab insomnia mob raws li network pharmacology thiab molecular docking. Lawv pom tias cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv Jujube Seed muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo nrog cov hom phiaj kho mob tseem ceeb rau kev kho AD thiab SD. Qee cov kev tshawb fawb tau siv chloropropylalanine (PCPA) los ntxias tus qauv insomnia thiab txheeb xyuas qhov muaj peev xwm biomarkers muaj feem xyuam rau cov nas insomnia, tshuaj xyuas 18 cov tshuaj metabolites sib txawv hauv cov ntshav, hippocampus thiab daim siab kuaj. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias Jujube Noob tuaj yeem thim rov qab 15 hippocampal metabolites. Cov txiaj ntsig kev sim tau pom tias Jujube Seed extract tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov qauv. Nws tuaj yeem txo cov qib ntawm daim siab cell necrosis thiab txhim kho cov morphology ntawm hlwb hlwb. Kev tsom xam ntxiv tau qhia tias Jujube Seed extract tau siv nws cov teebmeem los ntawm kev kho cov txheej txheem metabolic, suav nrog cov metabolism ntawm d-glutamine thiab d-glutamate hauv cov ntshav thiab hippocampus, cov metabolism ntawm alanine, aspartate thiab glutamate, thiab biosynthesis ntawm arginine. Ntxiv mus, cov extract kuj tau kho cov biosynthesis ntawm phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan hauv cov ntshav thiab daim siab, thiab cov metabolism hauv nicotinic acid thiab nicotinamide. Qee cov kev tshawb fawb tau piav qhia txog kev tiv thaiv kev pw tsaug zog ntawm Jujube Seed hauv kev tswj hwm kev pw tsaug zog thiab pw tsaug zog ntawm qib molecular, siv cell non-labeling integrative pharmacology technology los tsim cov qauv ntsig txog kev pw tsaug zog thiab siv molecular docking raws li ntau txoj kev tshawb pom los ua pov thawj tias 8 alkaloids, 4 active 1saponspons agonist los yog Kev ua haujlwm antagonist ntawm 5HT receptors. Lwm cov kev tshawb fawb muaj feem xyuam raws li kev siv tshuaj hauv network thiab molecular docking tshawb nrhiav cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Jujube Seed decoction hauv kev kho insomnia, pom tias Jujube Noob kho insomnia muaj ntau lub hom phiaj thiab kev taw qhia, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho insomnia los ntawm kev txo qhov mob thiab tswj cov neurotransmitters, thiab txoj kev tshawb fawb pom tias cov kua tsib kua qaub ua si tseem ceeb hauv lub cev, xws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev. lipid metabolism thiab tswj cov qib roj cholesterol. Cov khoom hauv Jujube Seed tuaj yeem tswj cov synthesis, secretion thiab metabolism ntawm cov kua tsib acids, yog li txhim kho daim siab ua haujlwm txawv txav los ntawm insomnia thiab lwm yam kab mob. Kev tawm dag zog ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev pw tsaug zog ntawm Jujube Seed Extract yog sib cais los ntawm nws lub peev xwm los tswj cov kua dej hauv cov ntshav hauv cov ntshav. Kev tshawb fawb metabolics pab kom nkag siab txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov ntshav qab zib metabolites thiab cov cim qhia txog txoj hauv kev. Tshwj xeeb, tyrosine metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, thiab cov metabolism hauv nicotinic acid thiab nicotinamide ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshwm sim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm insomnia{101}}, 4-dihydroxyphenylglycol, raws li cov khoom lag luam ntawm tyrosine metabolism, muaj cov kev cai tseem ceeb ntawm kev pw tsaug zog thiab wakefulness ntawm lub hlwb. Nws koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm noradrenergic, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj lub voj voog pw tsaug zog ib txwm. Glycerophospholipids yog precursors ntawm neurotransmitters thiab tuaj yeem ua rau lub hauv paus cholinergic muaj nuj nqi, thiab lawv cov kev ua haujlwm metabolic muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev pw tsaug zog zoo, pab txhim kho lub hlwb kev ua haujlwm poob qis los ntawm teeb meem pw tsaug zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov metabolism hauv nicotinic acid thiab nicotinamide ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm qhov sib npaug ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Ob yam khoom no tuaj yeem ua rau Coenzyme I thiab Coenzyme II axis, yog li txhawb kev qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntsiag to regulator ntsig txog enzyme 3 noob, uas pab txhim kho kev pw tsaug zog zoo thiab tej zaum yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm kev pw tsaug zog ntev. Kev pw tsaug zog ntev ntev tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis hauv kev qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntsiag to regulator ntsig txog enzyme 3 noob. Daim ntawv thov ntawm Jujube Seed Extract tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem no los ntawm kev tswj cov kua dej hauv cov metabolism hauv cov ntshav, yog li siv nws cov nyhuv anti-insomnia. Qhov kev tshawb pom no muab cov hauv paus kev tshawb fawb rau kev siv cov noob jujube hauv kev txhim kho kev pw tsaug zog zoo, thiab tseem muaj cov tswv yim tshiab rau peb kom nkag siab txog cov kab mob ntawm insomnia thiab nrhiav txoj hauv kev kho kom zoo.
